السبت، 26 يناير 2013

Different types of Type-writer









For more information about the different type of typewriter ..

http://www.typewritermuseum.org/collection/index.php3?machine=morris&cat=is




1- The hall
2- tokyotype
3-Crandall
4-Blickensderfer
5- American Visible


Part of typewriter and their function



Part of typewriter and their function?










1.Carriage Return- lever or key used for returning the carrisge to the right to start a new line.
2.Left Carriage Release- lever at the end that frees carriage so it can be moved by hand
3.Platen or Cylinder knob- handle at iether end of cylinder
4.line Space Lever or Regulator- controls space between lines
5.Platen or Cylinder- rubber roller around which the paper moves
6.Paper guide- blade against which paper is placed
7.Card Holder- presses cards and envelopes close to the cylinder.
8.Left Margin Stop- Key,lever or button used to adjust the setting of margins.
9.Printing-point Indicator- indicates scale point where machine is ready to print
10.Paper Bail- clamps the paper to cylinder
11.Right Margin Stop- lever to adjust setting of margins
12.Paper Release- loosens paper for straightening or removing
13.Right Carriage Release- lever at right to free carriage so it can be moved by hand
14.Right Platen knob- handle at end of the cylinder
15.Carriage- top moving part that carries paper
16.Backspace Key- moves carriage backone space at a time
17.Tab Set Key- places at tab stop at desired point
18.Tab Bar or Tabulator- releases carriage so it moves to a point where a tab stop has been set
19.Space bar- advances carriage one space at a time
20.Tab Clear Key- removes tab stops at a time
21.margin release- unlocks the margin stop
22.Ribbon Color Control- let disengage ribbon or any part of it like red or black if your ribbon is of two colors.

video that show how the component of the typewriter are collected together :

Five reasons to still use a typewrite



20 November 2012
 Last updated at 14:24 GMT

Five reasons to still use a typewrite
By Gerry Holt 
BBC News Magazine



The end of an era has been marked, with the last typewriter built in the UK rolling off the production line at Brother's north Wales factory.

The firm donated the last machine to London's Science Museum - but, it seems, there are plenty of writers and fans who think a museum is the last place their beloved, indispensable tool should be.
So, who still uses typewriters? And why do they choose to use them?



Refuseniks
They might be in a minority, but fans of the typewriter remain a vociferous group.
Mike France, who sells typewriter ribbons, says conversations with elderly customers mostly revolve around their dislike for computers and their fear of losing their old typewriting machines. "We get letters and cards from people thanking us and saying 'You saved my life, it's my lifeline'," he says.






But journalist and collector Richard Milton, who runs the Portable Typewriter website, a virtual museum of typewriters, says it is more of an idealist's tool.
"There's something special about typewriters - they're connected to language and connected to people's lives in a rather romantic way," he says. "Every writer rather fancies having an Agatha Christie-style sit-up-and beg typewriter on their desk that they can write their wonderful novel on."
But collector Anthony Casillo says typewriters are simply practical.
"People still use typewriters because they still work. They offer a distraction-free alternative to the modern day methods for producing a document. They challenge the user to be more efficient and see their errors on paper."
Writers and journalists have also spoken of their love for the ageing machine."I've gone back to using a typewriter for the first draft. It forces you to think," said author Will Self in a recent magazine interview. "Instead of going, 'She wore a red dress. Wait, that's banal I'll make it purple or green...' you think, 'Right, what colour was her dress.' It brings order back into your mind."
Former court reporter Maureen Huggins managed to use typewriters for her entire 55 years as a court reporter, saying computers would "kill journalism".





To be cool
Casillo, who has been in the typewriter industry for almost 40 years and collected vintage typewriters for the past 30, says while "older folks" resist technology, the youngest missed the original typewriter experience, hence the interest now.
Someone just brought it to the shoot. I HATE typewriters - I love my laptop”
Caitlin Moran, pictured with a typewriter on her book cover
Tom Furrier, who owns a typewriter repair shop in Arlington, Massachusetts, says: "Young people or the under-30 crowd [as] I call them, have grown up with this new technology and never experienced analogue toys and games. They are fascinated by the sensory feedback they get. The feel, the sound, seeing the printed image, immediately amazes them.
"Some younger people are tired of the soullessness of computers and digital technology and looking for a better experience. Creative type younger kids get the typewriter vibe and the old school ways of doing things. The number one reason younger people tell me they like typewriters is that they can type with no distractions. No internet or email or googling to distract them. They're just typing, creating."
Times columnist and author Caitlin Moran appears with a typewriter on the cover of her book Moranthology, seemingly jumping on the retro bandwagon.
But, she explains in a tweet, "someone just brought it to the shoot. I HATE typewriters. I love my laptop." But her husband, music journalist Pete Paphides, loves typewriters as he hates printers.



 


No electricity




Typewriters may have been largely consigned to history in many countries but in those where electricity supply is erratic, they can be vital.
In Mumbai, India's most populous city, the unmistakable "clack, clack, clack" of typewriters sounds out as professional typists sit in the street outside court houses writing up legal documents.



Aesthetic reasons
To Keira Rathbone, the typewriter is a source of art. The London-based artist unlocks a rather different side of the contraption by creating visual art out of characters.




Explaining why she loves the form of art, she says: "I think it's the mechanics of it and being able to feel the mechanisms. It's not like using a computer where it's all a bit of a mystery and covered up. You can see if there's nothing wrong with it straight away... It's just fascinating to be able to look at what you're typing."
From afar, she says her art resembles a pen and ink drawing.
"I find children's reactions particularly interesting as most small children do not even know what the machine is, and are beautifully uninhibited with their intrigue. I feel privileged to get to introduce them to the typewriter for the first time."
Typewriters are also very much in demand for period dramas or for plays. Meanwhile, Milton was recently contacted by a production company working on a war-time detective drama. They wanted typewriter lessons for a female secretary actress so she could "appear natural at the desk," he says.
Prices are rocketing as they become more sought after among collectors, he says. "They are antiques nowadays. Nobody is making them anywhere in the world - I don't know of a single factory still making them anywhere."
In demand with set designers working on period dramas
They are also popular among those who want a fashionable piece of equipment for their lounge or office, for an "aesthetically-pleasing environment".
"People in antiques or collectors are always looking for new things to collect - there's only so many Georgian paperweights you can have," he says.
Lastly, from a nice office centrepiece to an altogether different centrepiece for...

Weddings

Engaged couples are looking to years gone by for inspiration for their big days - and that includes retro or antique typewriters.
Milton says many couples now opt to create their invitations on typewriters and they then have them at their do so guests can write a few words of congratulations.
"It's rather chic I suppose. Everything is retro now - the 1960s, 70s and 80s are all in," he explains.







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Old world charm

Old world charm

Paul Schweitzer is one of a dying breed. As owner of Gramercy Typewriter Co in New York City, he repairs machines that many consider obsolete.
·         Published: 23:32 November 7, 2007














·         Image Credit: Reuters
·         Paul Schweitzer works on a typewriter at his shop in New York. Schweitzer is one of a dying breed.



Paul Schweitzer: is one of a dying breed. As owner of Gramercy Typewriter Co in New York City, he repairs machines that many consider obsolete.
"The younger generation says, 'Who needs typewriters?'" said Schweitzer, 68, who joined his father's business in 1959. "It's not true; there are people who still like hitting the keys."
Some organisations still use typewriters to write labels or fill forms. And there's always the person who just prefers to type the old fashioned way.
"Some things you can't do with a computer," said Steve Primont, owner of TTI Business Systems Inc, a supplier in New York. "We just sold 15 typewriters to a major law firm."

The typewriter industry may not be dead yet, but it has been in decline since long before the rise of the MySpace generation.
At Gramercy, typewriters account for 25 per cent of its business, the rest coming from servicing Hewlett Packard laser printers and fax machines.
"That's what pays the bills, not selling a ribbon for $10," Schweitzer said,
First step

The typewriter was first patented in 1868, and marketed and sold by the Remington gun company in 1874. They gained popularity in the early 20th Century, with production peaking in the mid 1970s. In the 1980s, word processors - typewriters with a memory card - had a relatively brief run until they were eclipsed by personal computers with word-processing software.
IBM was the giant of the US typewriter market. In 1975, its Selectric typewriter accounted for about 75 per cent of the market in the United States. Demand started to wane in the 1980s, and the company produced its last typewriter, the Wheelwriter, in 1993.
Smith Corona, which employed 5,000 people during the early 1970s, struggled to make a profit in the 1990s. The company filed a second Chapter 11 - the reorganisation provision of bankruptcy law - before it was sold to Pubco Corp, a Cleveland-based printer maker, in 2001.
Pubco uses the name to market printer supplies. The Royal Typewriter Company, founded in 1904, was another leader in the industry. Now the company is called Royal Consumer Information Products Inc, and sells office supplies like printers, faxes and copiers, as well as Royal typewriters manufactured overseas.
Japan's Brother Industries Ltd still makes typewriters, but sales are steadily decreasing, said Joyce Brittingham, a spokeswoman for the company's US division in Bridgewater, New Jersey.
Though sales on newer machines are declining, antique typewriters have a following among collectors, including actor Tom Hanks who lists "old manual typewriters" as a hobby on his MySpace page.
Chuck Dilts, 43, an editor of "ETCetera, the Journal of the Early Typewriter Collectors' Association", estimates there are about 600 serious collectors in the United States.
Dilts and a partner run a typewriter museum in Southboro, Massachusetts, which features about 800 models. Collectors generally look for typewriters made before 1920, when the machines became more standardised, Dilts said. "For me, chasing them down is a lot more fun than actually getting them," he said.

Collectors item
There is practically no collector interest in typewriters built after 1956, when they became electric.
For those who still like to punch away at typewriter keys, the machines are available at office supply stores like Staples and Office Depot, where they range between $145 (Dh532) and $615.
"There something about typewriters, where when you're writing a poem or story and you have the clickety-clack on your fingers," said Deborah Chapman, a customer at Gramercy Typewriter Co. "I'm a clickety-clack girl."
MyTypewriter.com (http://mytypewriter.com/), an online typewriter store, lists 56 authors, living and dead, and their favourite typewriters. John Irving uses an IBM Selectric. John Updike favours a 1940s Olivetti and Joan Didion writes with a Royal KMM.
Gramercy's two-room office in Manhattan is cluttered with typewriters, some antique and some electric. Paul Schweitzer's workbench is piled with inky screwdrivers and other tools. He hires assistants to help him fix printers.
Retirement isn't an option, he said, because he's the only one who can repair a typewriter.
"Who's going to fix the typewriters?" he asked while installing in a new ribbon in a Smith Corona from the mid-'70s. "I'm going until I drop."

Description: Gulf News


World's last typewriter factory shuts shop

World's last typewriter factory shuts shop


By Pamela Raghunath, Correspondent
Published 00:00 29 April 2011








Indian company forced to stop due to diminishing demand :


Mumbai: Typewriters have long gone out of fashion with the advent of computers but the news that the last typewriter factory left in the world has stopped production has caught everyone's interest.

"There was no media buzz when the company stopped manufacturing typewriters in 2009 since diminishing sales made it unviable for us to go on," Milind Dukle, General Manager, Operations, Godrej and Boyce, told Gulf News. Ever since the news broke out, the company has been receiving calls from people wanting to buy the manual machine, the production of which started in 1955. Sales of office typewriters plummeted to 10,000 in 2008 when it was decided that the manufacture must come to an end.

Not just in India but Godrej is the last factory in the world to stop the production of the heavy office typewriter "though there could be others still producing the light portable ones." Others products — Halda, Remington and Facit — have all shut shop years back, the last being Facit in 2004.

The last typewriter to come out of the factory has been preserved by the company as part of its history whilst the "last batch of around 200 typewriters, a few in English and majority in Arabic, are yet to be sold," said Dukle. Godrej made only office typewriters which in their heydays were also exported abroad, mainly to the Middle East and African countries where the Arabic typewriters were in high demand.


 

VIDEO A BOUT TYPEWRITER : 




Last UK typewriter BBC



Typewriter Training "Basic Typing I: Methods"